The Island of Cyprus, Sovereignty, and International Law in the Early Decades of British Rule (1878-1923)
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Published
Dec 31, 2020
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Abstract
By drawing attention to a number of points from current debates in critical international legal scholarship, the present article discusses aspects at the intersection of Cypriot, Balkan and Middle Eastern history, through an innovative angle enriched with insights from a legal perspective. With the 1878 Congress of Berlin and the signing of the Treaty of Lausanne in 1923 at the epicentre, the article builds an argument in favour of revisiting the early period of British rule on the island, as a means to obtain an improved understanding of the constitutional framework for Cypriot independence and by extension, the complexity of international relations in the Eastern Mediterranean to this day.
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Keywords
Cyprus, public international law, legal history, sovereignty, Ottoman Empire, British Empire, Balkans, Middle East
References
Books
Crawford J., The Creation of States in International Law (2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
Fitzpatrick P., The Mythology of Modern Law (London: Routledge, 1992)
Hill G., A History of Cyprus, Vol. IV (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952)
Koskenniemi M., The Gentle Civilizer of Nations: The Rise and Fall of International Law 1870-1960 (Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Lee D. E., Great Britain and the Cyprus Convention Policy of 1878 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1934)
Neocleous A., Neocleous’s Introduction to Cyprus Law (Limassol: Andreas Neocleous & Co LLC, 2010)
Özsu U., Formalizing Displacement: International Law and Population Transfers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014)
Pikis G. M., An analysis of the English Common Law, Principles of Equity and their application in a former British Colony, Cyprus (Leiden: Brill, 2017)
Book Chapters
Holland R., ‘Why the Levant?’ in A. Yiangou, G. Kazamias and R. Holland (eds) The Greeks and the British in the Levant (London: Routledge, 2019) 25-38
Loizos P., ‘Correcting the record: Memory, Minority Insecurity and Admissible Evidence’ in R. Bryant and Y. Papadakis (eds), Cyprus and the Politics of Memory (London: I.B Tauris, 2012) 195-219
Özsu U., ‘Ottoman Empire’ in B. Fassbender and A. Peters (eds) Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012) 429-448
Özsu U., ‘The Ottoman Empire, the Origins of Extraterritoriality, and International Legal Theory’ in A. Orford and Fl. Hoffmann (eds) Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016) 123-137
Journal Articles
Asmussen J., ‘Early Conflicts between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot Communities in Cyprus’ (2004) The Cyprus Review 16(1) 87-106
D’Aspremont J., ‘The League of Nations and the Power of ‘Experiment Narratives’ in International Institutional Law’ (2020) International Community Law Review 22, 275-290
McKinnon Wood H., ‘The Treaty of Paris and Turkey’s Status in International Law’ (1943) 37(2) American Journal of International Law 262-274
Özsu U., ‘A thoroughly bad and vicious solution’: humanitarianism, the World Court, and the modern origins of population transfer’ (2013) London Review of International Law 1(1) 99-127
Özsu U. and Skouteris Th., ‘International Legal Histories of the Ottoman Empire: An Introduction to the Symposium’ (2016) Journal of the History of International Law 18(1) 1-4
Roberts A., ‘What is a military occupation?’ (1984) British Yearbook of International Law 55(1) 249-305
Rodogno D., ‘European Legal Doctrines on Intervention and the Status of the Ottoman Empire within the ‘Family of Nations’ Throughout the Nineteenth Century’ (2016) Journal of the History of International Law 18(1) 5-41
Rosting H., ‘Protection of Minorities by the League of Nations’ (1923) American Journal of International Law 17(4) 641-660
Theophanous A., ‘The Cyprus Problem in the Broader Greco-Turkish Rivalry: Implications for Stability in the Eastern Mediterranean’ (1997) The Cyprus Review 9 (1) 44-55
Toynbee A. J., ‘The East after Lausanne’ (1923) Foreign Affairs 2(1) 84-99
Tsagourias N., ‘The League of Nations and Visions of World Order’ (2020) International Community Law Review 22, 291-309
Tzouvala Nt., ‘“These Ancient Arenas of Racial Struggles”: International Law and the Balkans, 1878-1949’ (2019) European Journal of International Law 29(4) 1149-1171
Online Sources
Benvenisti E., ‘Occupation, Belligerent’, Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2009) (last accessed 24 August 2020)
Besson S., ‘Sovereignty’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2011) (last accessed 6 February 2020)
Döit O., ‘Cession’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2006) (Last accessed 25 August 2020)
Gordon R., ‘Mandates’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2013) (Last accessed 24 August 2020)
Hoffmeister F., ‘Cyprus’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2019) (last accessed 24 August 2020)
Van den Bogaert, S. ‘Berlin Congress (1878)’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (2011) (last accessed 24 August 2020)
Crawford J., The Creation of States in International Law (2nd ed., Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2007)
Fitzpatrick P., The Mythology of Modern Law (London: Routledge, 1992)
Hill G., A History of Cyprus, Vol. IV (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1952)
Koskenniemi M., The Gentle Civilizer of Nations: The Rise and Fall of International Law 1870-1960 (Cambridge University Press, 2001)
Lee D. E., Great Britain and the Cyprus Convention Policy of 1878 (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1934)
Neocleous A., Neocleous’s Introduction to Cyprus Law (Limassol: Andreas Neocleous & Co LLC, 2010)
Özsu U., Formalizing Displacement: International Law and Population Transfers (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2014)
Pikis G. M., An analysis of the English Common Law, Principles of Equity and their application in a former British Colony, Cyprus (Leiden: Brill, 2017)
Book Chapters
Holland R., ‘Why the Levant?’ in A. Yiangou, G. Kazamias and R. Holland (eds) The Greeks and the British in the Levant (London: Routledge, 2019) 25-38
Loizos P., ‘Correcting the record: Memory, Minority Insecurity and Admissible Evidence’ in R. Bryant and Y. Papadakis (eds), Cyprus and the Politics of Memory (London: I.B Tauris, 2012) 195-219
Özsu U., ‘Ottoman Empire’ in B. Fassbender and A. Peters (eds) Oxford Handbook of the History of International Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2012) 429-448
Özsu U., ‘The Ottoman Empire, the Origins of Extraterritoriality, and International Legal Theory’ in A. Orford and Fl. Hoffmann (eds) Oxford Handbook of the Theory of International Law (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2016) 123-137
Journal Articles
Asmussen J., ‘Early Conflicts between the Greek and Turkish Cypriot Communities in Cyprus’ (2004) The Cyprus Review 16(1) 87-106
D’Aspremont J., ‘The League of Nations and the Power of ‘Experiment Narratives’ in International Institutional Law’ (2020) International Community Law Review 22, 275-290
McKinnon Wood H., ‘The Treaty of Paris and Turkey’s Status in International Law’ (1943) 37(2) American Journal of International Law 262-274
Özsu U., ‘A thoroughly bad and vicious solution’: humanitarianism, the World Court, and the modern origins of population transfer’ (2013) London Review of International Law 1(1) 99-127
Özsu U. and Skouteris Th., ‘International Legal Histories of the Ottoman Empire: An Introduction to the Symposium’ (2016) Journal of the History of International Law 18(1) 1-4
Roberts A., ‘What is a military occupation?’ (1984) British Yearbook of International Law 55(1) 249-305
Rodogno D., ‘European Legal Doctrines on Intervention and the Status of the Ottoman Empire within the ‘Family of Nations’ Throughout the Nineteenth Century’ (2016) Journal of the History of International Law 18(1) 5-41
Rosting H., ‘Protection of Minorities by the League of Nations’ (1923) American Journal of International Law 17(4) 641-660
Theophanous A., ‘The Cyprus Problem in the Broader Greco-Turkish Rivalry: Implications for Stability in the Eastern Mediterranean’ (1997) The Cyprus Review 9 (1) 44-55
Toynbee A. J., ‘The East after Lausanne’ (1923) Foreign Affairs 2(1) 84-99
Tsagourias N., ‘The League of Nations and Visions of World Order’ (2020) International Community Law Review 22, 291-309
Tzouvala Nt., ‘“These Ancient Arenas of Racial Struggles”: International Law and the Balkans, 1878-1949’ (2019) European Journal of International Law 29(4) 1149-1171
Online Sources
Benvenisti E., ‘Occupation, Belligerent’, Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2009)
Besson S., ‘Sovereignty’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2011)
Döit O., ‘Cession’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2006)
Gordon R., ‘Mandates’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2013)
Hoffmeister F., ‘Cyprus’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of International Law (2019)
Van den Bogaert, S. ‘Berlin Congress (1878)’ Max Planck Encyclopedia of Public International Law (2011)
Section
Articles
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How to Cite
“The Island of Cyprus, Sovereignty, and International Law in the Early Decades of British Rule (1878-1923)”. 2020. Cyprus Review 32 (2): 105-28. https://cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/754.