Who Supported the Annan Plan? An Exploratory Statistical Analysis of the Demographic, Political, and Attitudinal Correlates
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.main##
Abstract
In April 2004, the Turkish-Cypriot and Greek-Cypriot communities voted on the Annan Plan in simultaneously held referenda. The Annan Plan was a UNsponsored plan to reunite the divided island of Cyprus under one federal government. The majority of the Greek-Cypriot electorate did not vote in support of the Plan while the majority of the Turkish-Cypriot electorate did. While the Annan Plan was not put into action, many of the factors which influenced voting patterns on both sides of the Green Line will most likely remain relevant in defining public attitudes towards future plans to re-unite Cyprus. In this work, the authors delve into the demographic, political, and attitudinal factors linked with support for the Annan Plan, using public opinion surveys of large numbers of residents in Cyprus.
##plugins.themes.bootstrap3.article.details##
Keywords
References
Attalides, M. (1979) Cyprus, Nationalism and International Politics. New York, St. Martin’s Press.
Attalides, M. (2004) ‘The Political Process in Cyprus and the Day after the Referendum’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 137-146.
Bahcheli, T. (2004) ‘Saying Yes to EU Accession: Explaining the Turkish Cypriot Referendum Outcome’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 55-65.
Banducci, S. (1998) ‘Direct Legislation: When It’s Used and When Does it Pass?’ in Donovan, T., Bowler, S. and Tolbert, C. (ed.), Citizens as Legislators. Ohio: Ohio State
University Press.
Bowler, S., Donovan, T., and Happ, T. (1992) ‘Ballot Propositions and Information Costs: Direct Democracy and the Fatigued Voter’, The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 45, No.
2, pp. 559-568.
Bowler, S. and Donovan, T. (1998) Demanding Choices: Opinions, Voting and Direct Democracy. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Coufoudakis, V. (2004) ‘Cyprus - The Referendum and its Aftermath’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 67-82.
Cronin, T. (1989) Direct Democracy: The Politics of Initiative, Referendum, and Recall. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Demetriou, O. (2004) ‘EU and the Cyprus Conflict: Review of the Literature’, The European Union and Border Conflicts Working Paper [http://www.euborderconf.bham.ac.uk/publications/files/WP5Cyprus.pdf].
Heraclides, A. (2004) ‘The Cyprus Problem and Open and Shut Case? Probing the Greek-Cypriot Rejection of the Annan Plan’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 37-54.
Hutchence, J. and Georgiades, H. (1999) ‘The European Union and the Cyprus Problem: Powerless to Help?’ The Cyprus Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 83-96.
Jackobsson Hatay, A. (2004a) ‘Popular Referenda and Peace Processes: The Twin Referenda on the Annan Plan for a Reunited Cyprus put in Perspective’, The Department
of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University [http://www.pcr.uu.se/publications].
Jackobsson Hatay, A. (2004b) ‘The People Deliver Their Verdict on the Annan Plan for a Re-united Cyprus’ [http://www.transnational.org/forum/meet/2004/Jak_Hatay_CyprusRef.html].
Joseph, J. (1997) Cyprus: Ethnic Conflict and International Politics, From Independence to the Threshold of the European Union. London/New York, Macmillan Press/St. Martin’s
Press.
Joseph, J. (1999) ‘Cyprus and the EU: Searching for a Settlement in the Light of Accession’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 33-57.
Kyriacou, A. (2000) ‘A Just and Lasting Solution to the Cyprus Problem: In Search of Institutional Viability’, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 54-75.
Lordos, A. (2004) Can the Cyprus Problem be Solved? [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
Lordos, A. (2005a) Civil Society Diplomacy: A New Approach for Cyprus [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
Lordos, A. (2005b) Options for Peace: Mapping the Possibilities for a Comprehensive Settlement in Cyprus [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
O’Malley, B. and Craig, I. (1999) The Cyprus Conspiracy: America, Espionage, and the Turkish Invasion. London/New York, IB Tauris.
Peristianis, N. (1998) ‘A Federal Cyprus in a Federal Europe’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 33-43.
Richmond, O. (1999) ‘Ethno-Nationalism, Sovereignty and Negotiating Positions in the Cyprus Conflict: Obstacles to a Settlement’, Middle East Studies, Vol. 35, No. 3,
pp. 42-63.
Richmond, O. (2001) ‘A Perilous Catalyst? EU Accession and the Cyprus Problem’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 123-132.
Richmond, O. (2002) ‘Decolonisation and Post-Independence Cause of Conflict: The Case of Cyprus’, Civil Wars, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 163-190.
Stavrinides, Z. (1975) The Cyprus Conflict: National Identity and Statehood. Wakefield.
Theophanous, A. (1996) The Political Economy of a Federal Cyprus. Nicosia, Intercollege Press.
Theophanous, A. (2000) ‘Prospects for Solving the Cyprus Problem and the Role of the European Union’, Publius, Vol. 30, No. 1-2, pp. 217-246.
Webster, C. (2005a) ‘Greek Cypriots Perspectives on Interacting with Turkish Cypriots’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 123-132.
Webster, C. (2005b) ‘Division or Unification in Cyprus? The Role of Demographics, Attitudes and Party Inclination on Greek Cypriot Preferences for a Solution to the Cyprus Problem’, Ethnopolitics, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 299-309.
Zaller, J. (1992) The Nature and Origin of Mass Opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zetter, R. (1994) ‘The Greek-Cypriot Refugees: Perceptions of Return under Conditions of Protracted Exile’, International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 307-322.
Attalides, M. (2004) ‘The Political Process in Cyprus and the Day after the Referendum’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 137-146.
Bahcheli, T. (2004) ‘Saying Yes to EU Accession: Explaining the Turkish Cypriot Referendum Outcome’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 55-65.
Banducci, S. (1998) ‘Direct Legislation: When It’s Used and When Does it Pass?’ in Donovan, T., Bowler, S. and Tolbert, C. (ed.), Citizens as Legislators. Ohio: Ohio State
University Press.
Bowler, S., Donovan, T., and Happ, T. (1992) ‘Ballot Propositions and Information Costs: Direct Democracy and the Fatigued Voter’, The Western Political Quarterly, Vol. 45, No.
2, pp. 559-568.
Bowler, S. and Donovan, T. (1998) Demanding Choices: Opinions, Voting and Direct Democracy. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
Coufoudakis, V. (2004) ‘Cyprus - The Referendum and its Aftermath’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 67-82.
Cronin, T. (1989) Direct Democracy: The Politics of Initiative, Referendum, and Recall. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Demetriou, O. (2004) ‘EU and the Cyprus Conflict: Review of the Literature’, The European Union and Border Conflicts Working Paper [http://www.euborderconf.bham.ac.uk/publications/files/WP5Cyprus.pdf].
Heraclides, A. (2004) ‘The Cyprus Problem and Open and Shut Case? Probing the Greek-Cypriot Rejection of the Annan Plan’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 37-54.
Hutchence, J. and Georgiades, H. (1999) ‘The European Union and the Cyprus Problem: Powerless to Help?’ The Cyprus Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 83-96.
Jackobsson Hatay, A. (2004a) ‘Popular Referenda and Peace Processes: The Twin Referenda on the Annan Plan for a Reunited Cyprus put in Perspective’, The Department
of Peace and Conflict Research at Uppsala University [http://www.pcr.uu.se/publications].
Jackobsson Hatay, A. (2004b) ‘The People Deliver Their Verdict on the Annan Plan for a Re-united Cyprus’ [http://www.transnational.org/forum/meet/2004/Jak_Hatay_CyprusRef.html].
Joseph, J. (1997) Cyprus: Ethnic Conflict and International Politics, From Independence to the Threshold of the European Union. London/New York, Macmillan Press/St. Martin’s
Press.
Joseph, J. (1999) ‘Cyprus and the EU: Searching for a Settlement in the Light of Accession’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 11, No. 1, pp. 33-57.
Kyriacou, A. (2000) ‘A Just and Lasting Solution to the Cyprus Problem: In Search of Institutional Viability’, Mediterranean Politics, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 54-75.
Lordos, A. (2004) Can the Cyprus Problem be Solved? [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
Lordos, A. (2005a) Civil Society Diplomacy: A New Approach for Cyprus [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
Lordos, A. (2005b) Options for Peace: Mapping the Possibilities for a Comprehensive Settlement in Cyprus [http://www.cypruspolls.org].
O’Malley, B. and Craig, I. (1999) The Cyprus Conspiracy: America, Espionage, and the Turkish Invasion. London/New York, IB Tauris.
Peristianis, N. (1998) ‘A Federal Cyprus in a Federal Europe’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 10, No. 1, pp. 33-43.
Richmond, O. (1999) ‘Ethno-Nationalism, Sovereignty and Negotiating Positions in the Cyprus Conflict: Obstacles to a Settlement’, Middle East Studies, Vol. 35, No. 3,
pp. 42-63.
Richmond, O. (2001) ‘A Perilous Catalyst? EU Accession and the Cyprus Problem’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 123-132.
Richmond, O. (2002) ‘Decolonisation and Post-Independence Cause of Conflict: The Case of Cyprus’, Civil Wars, Vol. 5, No. 3, pp. 163-190.
Stavrinides, Z. (1975) The Cyprus Conflict: National Identity and Statehood. Wakefield.
Theophanous, A. (1996) The Political Economy of a Federal Cyprus. Nicosia, Intercollege Press.
Theophanous, A. (2000) ‘Prospects for Solving the Cyprus Problem and the Role of the European Union’, Publius, Vol. 30, No. 1-2, pp. 217-246.
Webster, C. (2005a) ‘Greek Cypriots Perspectives on Interacting with Turkish Cypriots’, The Cyprus Review, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 123-132.
Webster, C. (2005b) ‘Division or Unification in Cyprus? The Role of Demographics, Attitudes and Party Inclination on Greek Cypriot Preferences for a Solution to the Cyprus Problem’, Ethnopolitics, Vol. 4, No. 3, pp. 299-309.
Zaller, J. (1992) The Nature and Origin of Mass Opinion. New York: Cambridge University Press.
Zetter, R. (1994) ‘The Greek-Cypriot Refugees: Perceptions of Return under Conditions of Protracted Exile’, International Migration Review, Vol. 28, No. 2, pp. 307-322.
Section
Articles
Copyright: © University of Nicosia, Cyprus
All rights reserved.
No restrictions on photo-copying.
Quotations from The Cyprus Review are welcome, but acknowledgement of the source must be given.
How to Cite
“Who Supported the Annan Plan? An Exploratory Statistical Analysis of the Demographic, Political, and Attitudinal Correlates”. 2018. Cyprus Review 18 (1): 13-35. https://cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/301.