The Status of the ‘TRNC’ through the Prism of Recent Legal Developments Towards Furtive Recognition?
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Abstract
Using the Cyprus-specific jurisprudence of the Court of Justice, the European Court of Human Rights and the English courts as a starting point, we examine selected legal developments over the last six years that point to or may result in a change in the approach of the international community to the self-proclaimed ‘Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus’. These developments highlight the risks of the perpetuation of Cyprus’s de facto partition for the chances of an eventual re-unification of the island. They also suggest that, unless the prospects of achieving a negotiated settlement to the Cyprus dispute were to improve considerably in the near future, a resetting of the objectives of the side to the negotiations that stands to lose the most from an eventual partition of the island would be advisable so that the consequences of a possible recognition by the international community of the status quo in the areas outside the effective control of the Government of the Republic of Cyprus can be mitigated.
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Keywords
Cyprus dispute, 'TRNC', recognition, Court of Justice, Orams litigation, European Court of Human Rights, Demopoulos ruling
References
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Talmon, S. (2001) ‘The Cyprus Question before the European Court of Justice’, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 12, pp. 727-750.
Tank, P. (2005) ‘Cyprus: A Note on Security Guarantees and Threat Perceptions’, The Turkish Yearbook, Vol. XXXV, pp. 169-176.
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Yilmaz, K. (2010) ‘A Partitioned State that is the European Union: The Case of Cyprus’, Ankara Bar Review, Vol. 3, pp. 125-140.
Arslan, K. and Güven, H. (2007) ‘International law in the Cyprus Problem’, conference paper, available at [cpc.emu.edu.tr], accessed on 31 May 2010.
Athanassiou, P. (2009) ‘The Orams Case, the Judgments Regulation and Public Policy: An English and European Law Perspective’, Maastricht Journal of European and Comparative Law, Vol. 16, pp. 423-448.
Bartlett, L.S. (1975) ‘Full Faith and Credit Comes to the Common Market’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly’, Vol. 24, pp. 44-60.
Crawford, J., Hafner, G. and Pellet, A. (2002a) ‘Republic of Cyprus: Eligibility for EU Membership’, Opinion of 24 September 1997, UN Doc A/52/481, S/1997/805, reprinted in Markides, A. (ed.), Cyprus and European Union Membership: Important Legal Documents. Nicosia: PIO, pp. 13-35.
Crawford, J., Hafner, G. and Pellet, A. (2002b) ‘Republic of Cyprus: Eligibility for EU Membership’, Further Opinion of 17 November 2001, reprinted in Markides, A. (ed.), Cyprus and European Union Membership: Important Legal Documents. Nicosia: PIO, pp. 36-46.
Dodd, C.H. (1998) The Cyprus Imbroglio. Huntington UK: Eothen Press.
Dugard, J. (1987) Recognition and the United Nations. Cambridge: Grotius Publications Ltd.
Emiliou, N. (1995) ‘Cyprus Import Certificates: Some Hot Potatoes’, European Law Review, Vol. 20, pp. 202-210.
Hoffmeister, F. (2006) Legal Aspects of the Cyprus Problem, Annan Plan and EU Accession. Leiden/Boston: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers.
Koutrakos, P. (2003) ‘Legal Issues of EC-Cyprus Trade Relations’, International and Comparative Law Quarterly, Vol. 52, pp. 489-498.
Laulhé Shaelou, S. (2007) ‘The European Court of Justice and the Anastasiou Saga: Principles of Europeanisation through Economic Governance’, European Business Law Review, Vol. 18, pp. 619-639.
Lavranos, N. (2009) ‘The ECJ and Cyprus: Keeping the Pandora Box Firmly Closed’, working paper, available from Social Science Research Network at [http://ssrn.com/abstract=1460639], accessed on 31 May 2010.
Mendelson, M.H. (1997) The Application of the ‘Republic of Cyprus’ to join the European Union, Opinion of 6 June 1997, UN Doc A/51/951, S/1997/585.
Mendelson, M.H. (2001) Further Opinion on the Application of the ‘Republic of Cyprus’ to join the European Union, Opinion of 12 September 2001, UN Doc A/56/451/, S/2001/953.
Necatigil, Z.M. (1993) The Cyprus Question and the Turkish Position in International Law, 2nd edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Necatigil, Z.M. (1999) ‘Judgment of the European Court of Human Rights in the Loizidou Case: A Critical Examination’, Perceptions: Journal of International Affairs, Vol. IV, No. 3, available at [http://www.sam.gov.tr/perceptions/Volume4/June-August1999/necatigil.PDF], accessed on 31 May 2010.
Nugent, N. (2006) ‘Cyprus and the European Union: The Significance of its Smallness, Both as an Applicant and as a Member’, European Integration, Vol. 28, pp. 51-71.
Özersay, K. (2004) ‘The Excuse of State Necessity and its Implications on the Cyprus Conflict’, Perceptions: Journal of International Affairs, Vol. IX, No. 4, pp. 31-70.
Palley, C. (2005) An International Relations Debacle: The UN Secretary-General’s Mission of Good Offices in Cyprus 1999-2004. Oxford: Hart Publishing.
Paraskeva, C. (2003) ‘Human Rights Protection Begins and Ends at Home: The “Pilot Judgment Procedure” Developed by the European Court of Human Rights’, Human Rights Law Commentary, Vol. 3, available at [http://www.nottingham.ac.uk/shared/shared_hrlcpub/Paraskeva.pdf], accessed 31 May 2010.
Ronen, Y. (2004) ‘Recognition of Divorce without Recognition of Statehood’, Cambridge Law Journal, Vol. 63, pp. 268-271.
Ronen, Y. (2007) ‘The Dispossessed and the Distressed: Conflicts in Land-related Rights in Transitions from Unlawful Territorial Regimes’, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem Research Paper No. 13, available at [http://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=1021761], accessed 31 May 2010.
Skoutaris, N. (2008) ‘The Application of the Acquis Communautaire in the Areas not Under the Effective Control of the Republic of Cyprus: The Green Line Regulation’, Common Market Law Review, Vol. 45, pp. 727-755.
Talmon, S. (2001) ‘The Cyprus Question before the European Court of Justice’, European Journal of International Law, Vol. 12, pp. 727-750.
Tank, P. (2005) ‘Cyprus: A Note on Security Guarantees and Threat Perceptions’, The Turkish Yearbook, Vol. XXXV, pp. 169-176.
Thym, D. (2005) ‘“United in Diversity” – The Integration of Enhanced Cooperation into the European Constitutional Order’, German Law Journal, Vol. 6, pp. 1731-1747.
Yilmaz, K. (2010) ‘A Partitioned State that is the European Union: The Case of Cyprus’, Ankara Bar Review, Vol. 3, pp. 125-140.
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How to Cite
“The Status of the ‘TRNC’ through the Prism of Recent Legal Developments: Towards Furtive Recognition?”. 2018. Cyprus Review 22 (1): 15-38. https://cyprusreview.org/index.php/cr/article/view/180.